VLF Transmitters as Tools for Monitoring the Plasmasphere

Penetration of lightning MF signals to the upper ionosphere over VLF ground-based transmitters

[1] The MF data recorded by the low-altitude satellite DEMETER have been used to survey the MF waves around the Earth. A global map of the MF emissions indicates that there exists a wave activity in the frequency range 2–2.5 MHz above the main powerful VLF ground-based transmitters operating in the frequency range 18–50 kHz. It is shown that this is due to the high-frequency part of whistlers i...

Biosensors as useful tools for environmental analysis and monitoring.

Recent advances in the development and application of biosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring are reviewed in this article. Several examples of biosensors developed for relevant environmental pollutants and parameters are briefly overviewed. Special attention is paid to the application of biosensors to real environmental samples, taking into consideration aspects such as sample pre...

Digital dashboards as tools for regional influenza monitoring

CT694 and pgp3 as Serological Tools for Monitoring Trachoma Programs

BACKGROUND Defining endpoints for trachoma programs can be a challenge as clinical signs of infection may persist in the absence of detectable bacteria. Antibody-based tests may provide an alternative testing strategy for surveillance during terminal phases of the program. Antibody-based assays, in particular ELISAs, have been shown to be useful to document C. trachomatis genital infections, bu...

CEP Biomarkers as Potential Tools for Monitoring Therapeutics

BACKGROUND Carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) adducts are oxidative modifications derived from docosahexaenoate-containing lipids that are elevated in ocular tissues and plasma in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and in rodents exposed to intense light. The goal of this study was to determine whether light-induced CEP adducts and autoantibodies are modulated by pretreatment with AL-8309A under con...